Biometrics of Asymmetrical Face

Traditionally, in face authentication/identification methods the presumption concerning face/head symmetry is used, which is logical in terms of the next qualitative reduction of primary data to templates as well as not using the primary face images, for example, in advanced applications that concern creating techniques by means of which it is possible to reproduce the extraordinary complexity of skin, muscle, eye and hair movements that convey emotion, gesture, psychological state or in psycho-sociological applications. In the paper, new research direction called Biometrics of Asymmetrical Face is presented. Apart from the direct study of new biometric techniques types in traditional sense, the essential new problem in this direction is the ability of interpretation of untapped “subtle” primary face information in psychological constructs terms, for example, person’s cognition-psyche characteristics and integrated usage as biometrics in traditional understanding as well as psychological constructs. The new direction study is based on modern knowledge of face authentication/identification, functional brain asymmetry phenomena and ophthalmogeometry, knowledge of psychological testing of personnel types. This is an example of collective interpretation of physiological-behavioral biometrics and psychological constructs. The study is stimulated with modern interdisciplinary needs for human science development. In the paper, specifically, it is presented a new type of precise normalized model of a face called Czestochowa-face, in the sense suiting the specification of the problem of modern and prospect person’s authentication/identification techniques creation in biometrics. As soon as two new biometric techniques based on the Czestochowa-faces are created; the ophthalmogeometrical technique and the face asymmetry one will be partially researched. Also, attention has been drawn to interdisciplinary research context. The main developed original components of the techniques are the following: 1) A procedure of finding (discovering) a „truthful” vertical axis of a face. 2) A procedure of 2D normalization of a single frontal view of a face image using a unit called Muld. 3) A procedure of constructing a combine (two polar and one Cartesian) facial coordinate system based on the “truthful” vertical axis and a special virtual coordinate system for eyes area. 4) An algorithm of person’s ophthalmologic pattern visualization in the virtual coordinate system. 5) An algorithm of the synthesis of special facial pictures (left-left and right-right composites) for face asymmetry features evaluation. 6) An algorithm of the Czestochowa-face creation. 7) An algorithm of precise mapping and evaluating (the pseudo-information) similarity of a pair of compared facial elements or given element set in a holistic manner. 8) Some theses concerning the cognition-psyche and interdisciplinary interpretation of gained ophthalmogeometrical, face asymmetry and other information features. 9) (A procedure of special linear oversampling a part of a picture if the picture has low resolution.) Beside the first-hand usage, the new techniques may be employed in the areas of human-computer interaction, identification of cognition-psyche type of personality for personnel management, advanced education, and so on.